The 100-400mm was small and light and would allow the robotic pano head to function with no problems. Several factors went into the decision to use this lens such as size, wight and focal length. Lens: A Canon 100-400mm f/5.6 II lens was used to capture the image. The 5DS R is an amazing camera that is designed without a low-pass filter which enables it to get amazing pixel-level detail and image sharpness. EquipmentĬamera: I decided to use a 50 megapixel Canon 5DS R. There also weren’t any clouds in the sky which made it so that the exposure wouldn’t be affected by any clouds blocking out the sun. The Cotopaxi volcano was also giving off smoke and ash but it didn’t seem to be a problem since it was blowing away from the city. The only things that affected it that day were a few small grass fires in the city. ![]() The clear high altitude air of Quito made for some amazing visibility the day of the shoot. Mist, fog, haze, smoke, dust and even volcanic ash can all effect visibility. Visibility: The second factor that goes into atmospheric conditions is visibility, also called visible range is a measure of the distance at which an object or light can be clearly discerned. (Note that the scale is usually indicated by use of a Roman numeral or an ordinary number.) Very bad seeing, hardly stable enough to allow a rough sketch to be made.Poor seeing, constant troublesome undulations of the image.Moderate seeing with larger air tremors that blur the image.Slight quivering of the image with moments of calm lasting several seconds.The scale is a five-point system, with 1 being the best seeing conditions and 5 being the worst. It’s interesting to note that seeing can be categorized according to the Antoniadi scale. These effects can be seen in terrestrial photography as the mirage effect, which is caused by heat currents and also as a wavy image due to windy conditions. Just as the movement of water moves an image, atmospheric currents can blur a terrestrial image. Have you ever seen a quarter lying on the bottom of a swimming pool? The movement of the water makes it look like the quarter is moving around and maybe a little bit blurry. If the stars are twinkling considerably we have “poor” seeing conditions and when the star images are steady we have “good” seeing conditions. These factors are what cause the star images to twinkle. The atmosphere is in continual motion due to changing temperatures, air currents, weather fronts and dust particles. ![]() Seeing is the term astronomers use to describe the sky’s atmospheric conditions. Two factors are used to define atmospheric conditions: seeing and visibility. Something that is rarely mentioned is the effects of the atmosphere on high-resolution photos. Atmospheric ConditionsĪnything that affects the light rays on their path to the camera’s sensor will affect the ultimate sharpness of the image. I didn’t plug in the camera in because I would be able to easily change the batteries if they ran out. I ran extension cords from the generator up to the top of the scaffolding where it powered the panorama head, as well as my computer. ![]() There wasn’t any power at the site since it was on the side of a volcano so we had to bring a small generator with us. The site was surrounded by very tall grass as well as a little bit of a hill that could block the complete view so I decided to set up three levels of scaffolding and shoot from the top of that. That meant that we would have to carry all there equipment there (which isn’t easy at high altitudes) but I felt that it would give the best combination of a great panoramic view and be close enough to the city for detail to be captured. To fix this situation I decided to choose a site a bit further down from the visitor center. The only drawback that I saw to the site is that I felt that it was a little too far away from the city and I didn’t think that people would be able to see any detail in the city when they zoomed in.
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